Abstract—Till now solid-state lasers still have an expanding phase of applications so there are many endeavors in laser development and optimization to be adaptable for most of these applications. This can be done by understanding well the different mechanisms inside laser system. Different efficiency mechanisms inside normal operation, Q-switched and amplified solid-sate laser are presented in a fruitful way including a thorough description for the mathematical calculation of the efficiency factor and the overall system efficiency for each mode of operation. The calculated efficiencies are verified by an experimental work to withstand on the actual values and verify its correctness with the calculated values. From the experimental work, the output energy and overall system efficiency for normal mode of operation are 128mJ and 1.25 respectively, for Q-switched mode of operation are 110mJ and 1.06 respectively and for amplified mode of operation 282mJ and 2.88 respectively. The energy gain G for the laser amplifier was 2.2.

Index Terms—Efficiency factors, laser amplifier, Nd:YAG, -switching, solid-state laser.

Osama Helal is with the College of Science, Changchun University of Science and Technology, China. (email: ohelall@yahoo.com).
Hongxing Cai is with the International Joint Research Center for Nanophotonics and Biophotonics, also in College of Science, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Satellite Road, No. 7089, Changchun 130022, Jilin, People’s Republic of China. (email: ciomsz@126.com).

Cite: Osama Helal, Liu Ziyu, Tan Yong, Ding Yunfeng, and Hongxing Cai, "Different Efficiency Mechanisms Inside Normal Operation, Q-Switched and Amplified Nd: YAG Pulsed Laser," International Journal of Applied Physics and Mathematics  vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 46-51, 2013.